FastMCP OpenAPI Provider has an SSRF & Path Traversal Vulnerability

## Technical Description The `OpenAPIProvider` in FastMCP exposes internal APIs to MCP clients by parsing OpenAPI specifications. The `RequestDirector` class is responsible for constructing HTTP requests to the backend service. A critical vulnerability exists in the `_build_url()` method. When an OpenAPI operation defines path parameters (e.g., `/api/v1/users/{user_id}`), the system directly substitutes parameter values into the URL template string **without URL-encoding**. Subsequently, `urll

FastMCP: Missing Consent Verification in OAuth Proxy Callback Facilitates Confused Deputy Vulnerabilities

## Summary While testing the *GitHubProvider* OAuth integration, which allows authentication to a FastMCP MCP server via a FastMCP OAuthProxy using GitHub OAuth, it was discovered that the FastMCP OAuthProxy does not properly validate the user's consent upon receiving the authorization code from GitHub. In combination with GitHub’s behavior of skipping the consent page for previously authorized clients, this introduces a Confused Deputy vulnerability. ## Technical Details An adversary can initi

FastMCP has a Command Injection vulnerability - Gemini CLI

Server names containing shell metacharacters (e.g., `&`) can cause command injection on Windows when passed to `fastmcp install claude-code` or `fastmcp install gemini-cli`. These install paths use `subprocess.run()` with a list argument, but on Windows the target CLIs often resolve to `.cmd` wrappers that are executed through `cmd.exe`, which interprets metacharacters in the flattened command string. PoC: ```python from fastmcp import FastMCP mcp = FastMCP(name="test&calc") @mcp.tool def rol

FastMCP OAuth Proxy token reuse across MCP servers

While testing the OAuth Proxy implementation, it was noticed that the server does not properly respect the `resource` parameter submitted by the client in the authorization and token request. Instead of issuing the token explicitly for this MCP server, the token is issued for the `base_url` passed to the `OAuthProxy` during initialization. **Affected File:** *https://github.com/jlowin/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/oauth_proxy.py#L828* **Affected Code:** ```python self._jwt_issuer:

FastMCP updated to MCP 1.23+ due to CVE-2025-66416

There was a recent CVE report on MCP: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66416. FastMCP does not use any of the affected components of the MCP SDK directly. However, FastMCP versions prior to 2.14.0 did allow MCP SDK versions <1.23 that were vulnerable to CVE-2025-66416. Users should upgrade to FastMCP 2.14.0 or later.